internet protocols

some information i found while researching protocols

Internet Protocol
first thing about internet protocols is that a web protocol and an internet protocol are not the same thing although most people mistaken it as being the same instead of realising that the world wide web is a service provided by the internet along with other services such as email and instant messaging.
however there are many different kinds of protocols within the internet and web protocols within the Internet Protocol Suite that each perform different rolls within the internet.

The Internet Protocol IP is the principal communications protocol used for relaying datagrams packets across an internetwork using the Internet Protocol Suite. Responsible for routing packets across network boundaries, it is the primary protocol that establishes the Internet.
The Internet Protocol is responsible for addressing hosts and routing datagrams (packets) from a source host to the destination host across one or more IP networks. For this purpose the Internet Protocol defines an addressing system that has two functions. Addresses identify hosts and provide a logical location service. Each packet is tagged with a header that contains the meta-data for the purpose of delivery. This process of tagging is also called encapsulation.
IP is a connectionless protocol and does not need circuit setup prior to transmission.

The Transmission Control Protocol provides reliable, ordered delivery of a stream of bytes from a program on one computer to another program on another computer. TCP is the protocol that major Internet applications rely on, applications such as the World Wide Web, e-mail, and file transfer. Other applications, which do not require reliable data stream service, may use the User Datagram Protocol  which provides a datagram service that emphasizes reduced latency over reliability. TCP provides a point-to-point channel for applications that require reliable communications. The File Transfer Protocol  and Telnet are all examples of applications that require a reliable communication channel. TCP provides a communication service at an intermediate level between an application program and the Internet Protocol. That is, when an application program desires to send a large chunk of data across the Internet using IP, instead of breaking the data into IP-sized pieces and issuing a series of IP requests, the software can issue a single request to TCP and let TCP handle the IP details. which is why the internet protocol suite is commonly referred to as TCP/IP.